Influence of Climate Change on Metabolism and Biological Characteristics in Perennial Woody Fruit Crops in the Mediterranean Environment

The changes in the state of climate have a high impact on perennial fruit crops thus threatening food availability. Indeed, climatic factors affect several plant aspects, such as phenological stages, physiological processes, disease-pest frequency, yield, and qualitative composition tissues derived products. To mitigate effects parameters variability, plants implement strategies defense, by changing trends, altering physiology, increasing carbon sequestration, metabolites synthesis. This review was divided into two sections. first provides data change last years general consideration their impact, mitigation, resilience production crops. second section reviews consequences industry woody models (evergreen deciduous trees). research focused on, citrus, olive, loquat evergreen trees examples; while grape, apple, pear, cherry, apricot, almond, peach, kiwi, fig, persimmon species. Perennial originated complex decisions valuable long period involving economic technical problems that farmers may quickly case annual However, low flexibility is balanced long-life cycle.